Line Plot from Scientific Research

The non-sinusoidal modulation by the PEM results in an overestimation of CPL if left uncorrected. Normalized CPL intensity as modulated by a PEM (black solid trace, using Equation (7) with A=pi/2, and f= 42 kHz). The 1f (red dashed trace) and 3f components (blue dotted trace) of the JacobiAnger expansion (Equation (9)) of the PEM modulation are shown. The amplitude of the 1f sine wave, RAC, is approximately 13% higher than that of the original modulation, which needs to be corrected to accurately determine CPL magnitude and glum.

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