Surviving fractions of S. aureus after 1 h, 2 h or 4 h exposure to flucloxacillin and after switching to antibiotic-free BHI medium. Data from three independent experiments (619, 745 and 917 cells). Lines connect the geometric means. Two-way ANOVA for difference between survival at the end of exposure and colony-forming fractions. The arrow depicts the post-exposure loss of viability.