Error Bars from Scientific Research

Feeling lonely. Treatment effect is interpreted as s.d. differences from the mean outcome (standardized to 0). See Fig. 2 for details of the model specification. See Supplementary Tables 1 and 3 for variable definitions in each domain (14) and the five subgroup definitions (with young child, lone individual, had low mental health in 2019, bottom income below the median and lives in an apartment). Each panel presents the results for a different outcome. Sample sizes for each estimate are reported in Supplementary Table 15 . Supplementary Tables 17 21 present the full model results.

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