The change in brain metabolism in response to DN-DBS combined with rehabilitation in perilesional and ipsilesional motor-associated cortical regions for all participants. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test for significant change in the mean SUVR between rehab-only and rehab-carryover phases of the trial, with time point and 18 F-FDG uptake time (that is, time between 18-FDG injection and start of PET scan) as fixed effects, with participant as the random effect intercept, and applying the default unstructured covariance structure. The box is the median and interquartile range, the whiskers are the maximum and minimum of the average SUVR adjusted for uptake time, n = 11 participants. Two-sided P values with no adjustments for multiple comparison: perilesional P = 0.007, M1 P = 0.007, S1 P = 0.002, pre-SMA P = 0.0002, dorsal pre-motor P = 0.004, ventral pre-motor P = 0.0006, SMA P = 0.08. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.001.
