The ROC–AUC curves for KARR-seq, RIC-seq and PARIS for detecting higher-order structures of TERC , 18S, 28S and U3. The dashed lines denote random classifiers. RIC-seq and PARIS data were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (RIC-seq: GSE127188 ; PARIS: GSE74353 ). Cryo-EM structures were acquired from the Protein Data Bank (accession codes: 7QXB for TERC , 6QX9 for U3 and 4V6X for 18S and 28S). KARR-seq was performed in two biological replicates.