Average normalized FRET ratio responses of Jurkat T cells expressing Ras-LOCKR-S localized to Golgi or PM stimulated with either 5 μg ml −1 of α-CD3 ε + α -CD28 (left) or 5 μg ml −1 of α -CD3 ε + intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1; right) coated on the plate ( n = at least 10 cells per condition). Solid lines in c , d indicate a representative average timecourse from three biologically independent experiments, with error bars representing s.e.m. Solid lines in e indicate average timecourses of FRET ratio changes from all cells combined from three experiments, with error bars representing s.e.m. WT, wild-type, NC, negative control.