Antimicrobial response as determined via turbidity measurements (OD at 600 nm). Data are shown for four samples as the mean of three independent repeats standard errors (shaded regions). One sample includes E. coli, antibiotic-loaded GUVs, responsive particles, and sufficient glucose to achieve their activation (ρG${\rho}_{\mathrm{G}}$= 0.175% w/v), and is thus capable of supporting the cascade of reactions producing the sought netosis-like response (green squares). The other tree samples are controls missing one or more key components. Two control samples lack antibiotic-loaded GUVs, and feature either non-responsive (blue circles) or responsive (red triangles) DNA particles. The third control sample contains antibiotic-loaded GUVs but uses non-responsive particles. While all control samples show similar OD curves, growth is delayed and suppressed in the system capable of sustaining the designed cascade of reactions.
