GWP N2O+CH4 . Diamond box plots show triangles spanning 25 and 75 percentiles meeting at the median. Small squares indicate means. Whisker lines extend to the minimum and maximum. One-way ANOVA with two-sided and post-hoc test was conducted for statistical significance; different lowercase letters denote significant differences between the rotations at P < 0.05. The exact P values: P < 0.001. Treatment abbreviations: WM winter wheatsummer maize (control case), SpWM sweet potatowinter wheatsummer maize rotation, PWM peanutwinter wheatsummer maize rotation, SWM soybeanwinter wheatsummer maize rotation, SmWM spring maize winter wheatsummer maize rotation, RSWM ryegrasssorghum winter wheatsummer maize rotation. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.