Attention/executive function. Dot/center denotes estimate of the pathology and error bars 95% CI. Red indicates significant association between pathology and worse performance. Significant effects (two-sided) were examined with linear regression models using either two AD/LB groups (a – e) or all three pathologies binarized (f – j) in the same model (to examine independent effects) while adjusting for age, sex and education (motor function was not adjusted for education). In total, 941 participants were AD – /LB –, 74 AD – /LB +, 147 AD + /LB – and 20 AD + /LB +; 94 were LB +, 304 Aβ + and 195 tau +. Extended Data Fig. 2a,b shows the effect on motor function using the UPDRS-III scale (no significant effect of LB pathology). Statistical analyses with corrections for multiple comparisons are shown in Supplementary Fig. 1 (all effects of LB pathology were significant following correction). The effect of LB on clinical outcomes with/without adjustment for Aβ and tau is shown in Extended Data Table 1. Missing data shown in Supplementary Table 2. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (two-sided).
