Rothia nasimurium incubation with differentiated porcine nasal organoids individually or in co-culture with selected strains. Differentiated Porcine Nasal Organoids (PNOs) were inoculated with 10 5 CFU/ml of R. nasimurium ( Rn ) alone or in combination with approximately 10 3 CFU/ml of Moraxella pluranimalium ( Mp ), 10 3 CFU/ml of non-virulent Glaesserella parasuis (n vG ) or with 10 6 CFU/ml of virulent G. parasuis ( vG ). After overnight incubation, attached Rn ( A ) and Rn in the supernatant ( B ) were quantified by dilutions and plating. Three independent experiments were performed with duplicate wells and each dot in the plot represents individual well results. Significant differences are shown in the graph as p values. KruskalWallis multiple comparison with Benjamini, Krieger and Yekutieli post-hoc test was used to compare the bacterial concentrations