Line Plot from Scientific Research

Volume transport. Black symbols show estimates +- calculated total uncertainty made using joint mooring-model-hydrographic method (square/triangle/circle symbols, 84 ° E/140 ° E/170 ° E; equation ( 2 ), Extended Data Fig. 7 and Supplementary Section 2 ). White symbols show comparative estimates from other studies 11 , 24 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 (Supplementary Table 3 ). Blue line, total volume transport for time periods of 1994–1996, 2007–2011 and 2016–2018, which estimates the strength of the lower limb of overturning circulation in the Australian Antarctic Basin (shading shows total error of 1.2 Sv; Supplementary Table 2 ).

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