Conceptual self-regulating feedback loop between protein pattern reorganization and liposome motion (shown in a ) is sufficient to fuel the persistent motion in a 2D phase-field simulation. The liposome is modelled as an excluded volume (white area). During continuous motion, MinE gradually accumulated towards the rear part of the liposome. The corresponding kymograph of the redistribution of MinE (green shadow) during liposome motion (white shadow) (right), where the times and positions of the side-view snapshots (left) are indicated by the white dashed lines. Scale bars, 5 m; 5,000 s.