The impact of cognitive function PRS and carrier status of PTV or damaging missense variants (MPC > 2) in LOF-intolerant genes (pLI > 0.9) on VNR. Unrelated UKB EUR samples were included in this analysis with n = 128,812 for VNR. VNR was residualized by sex, age, age 2, sex by age, sex by age 2, top 20 principal components and recruitment centers and rank-based inverse-normal transformed. The effect (and 95% CI) of PRS and rare coding variant carrier status on residualized, transformed VNR was estimated using linear regression, with noncarriers of PTV and damaging missense variants with PRS in the middle quantile as the reference (Ref.) group. Data are presented as effect size estimates (β) with 95% CIs.