Points represent the 184 countries included in this analysis (labeled with their ISO3 code and colored based on world region) in 1990. The gray line represents overall correlation, with Pearson correlation coefficient and associated P value (two-tailed) provided. No adjustments were made for multiple comparisons. The y axis is based on estimated proportional burden of T2D incidence due to suboptimal intake of 11 dietary factors jointly: insufficient intake of whole grains, yogurt, fruit, nuts and seeds, and non-starchy vegetables and excess intake of refined rice and wheat, processed meats, unprocessed red meat, SSBs, potatoes and fruit juice. The burden due to suboptimal diet was estimated using proportional multiplication, assuming that half the benefit of whole-grain intake is mediated through replacement of refined rice and wheat intake. SDI is a measure of a nations development expressed on a scale of 0 to 1 sourced from the Global Burden of Disease study, based on a compositive average of the rankings of income per capita, average educational attainment and fertility rates.
