Conservatives also showed more partisan bias. However, incentives consistently closed the gap between conservatives and (unincentivized) liberals for all of these outcome variables, suggesting that conservatives’ greater tendency to believe in and share (mis)information may in part reflect a lack of motivation to be accurate (instead of lack of knowledge or ability alone). The y axis represents partisan bias. The data shown are the pooled data across all four studies (n = 2,092). Means for conservatives and liberals are shown in the figures, and all error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
