Percentage of tumor in resected tumor specimens without known tumor EGFR/ALK alterations (Nivo+CT, n = 17; Ipi+Nivo+CT, n = 14). Median percentage of viable tumor: Nivo+CT 51% (range 0–95.5%) and Ipi+Nivo+CT 2.8% (range 0–94.4%). Data in b and d are presented as the median with minima, lower and upper quartiles and maxima using violin plots. The dashed line indicates the median; the dotted lines indicate the lower quartile and upper quartile values; and the top and bottom indicate the maxima and minima. The two arrows show percentage of viable tumor at MPR and pCR. The green filled and empty circles depict data from MPR and no MPR, respectively, in Nivo+CT patients, and the red filled and empty circles depict data from MPR and no MPR, respectively, in Ipi+Nivo+CT patients.