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Univariate explained variance in BMI by each metabolite. BMI was independently regressed on each of the analytes that were retained in at least one of the ten LASSO models (209 metabolites, 74 proteins and 41 clinical laboratory tests; Supplementary Data 5 ), using OLS linear regression with sex, age and ancestry principal components as covariates. Multiple testing was adjusted with the Benjamini–Hochberg method across the 210 regressions, including each omics-based BMI model as reference. Among the analytes that were significantly associated with BMI (180 metabolites, 63 proteins and 30 clinical laboratory tests), only the top 30 significant analytes are presented with their univariate variances. All exact values of test summaries are found in Supplementary Data 5 .

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