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Dynamics of IRE1alpha and BiP in MANF immunocomplex after tunicamycin (TM)-induced ER stress in HEK293 cells. Cells were treated with TM for 1, 4, or 20 h followed by crosslinking and co-immunoprecipitation against MANF. IRE1alpha and BiP were detected by immunoblotting. TM treatment for 4 h induced phosphorylation of IRE1alpha (P-IRE1alpha) as detected using Phos-tag SDS-PAGE. TM treatment for 20 h upregulated IRE1alpha, BiP, and MANF levels in the cells.

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