Bar Plot from Scientific Research

A breakdown of the estimated OPs (red bars) and associated energy (light-blue bars for a state-of-the-art GPU; dark-blue bars for a projected random resistive memory-based hybrid analogue–digital system). In a forward (backward) pass, the fully optimized model on a state-of-the-art GPU and ESGNN on a projected random resistive memory-based hybrid analogue–digital system consume approximately 8.31 mJ (approximately 16.98 GOPs) and approximately 234.59 uJ (approximately 1.16 MOPs), respectively, revealing a >35.42 fold improvement of the inference energy efficiency (an approximately 99.99% reduction of the backward pass complexity).

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