Line Plot from Scientific Research

HCS. The blue and red solid (dotted) lines show the 1920–2005 annual-mean upwelling transport (WUI) and its long-term projection at the end of 21st century for the CESM-H ensemble mean, respectively. The shading denotes the 90% confidence interval for the projected value defined as the long-term change estimated from the linear trend during 2006–2100 added to the mean value during 1920–2005. The horizontal dashed line denotes the 1920–2005 annual-mean surface Ekman layer depth measured as the surface boundary layer depth available in the CESM-H model output. The axes of vertical velocity measure the values of upwelling transport and WUI divided by the integration area. The sample size (the number of time records used to derive the confidence interval) is 95.

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