Overall means and mean differences were estimated from attrition-weighted linear regression models that examined the mean number of falls over 3 years per participant. The covariate-adjusted model included the number of years of follow-up, the number of falls in the year before the baseline assessment, pair status for randomisation, and baseline age, sex, race, recruitment source, field site, education, diabetes, hypertension, history of stroke, smoking status, 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score, Short Physical Performance Battery balance score, hearing loss severity, Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening Version score, and global cognition factor score. The x-axis shows the adjusted mean difference for the intervention versus control with positive values (favouring the control) to the left and negative values (favouring the intervention) to the right of the vertical line.