Scatter Plot from Scientific Research

Genes under intensified selection across species that secondarily evolved polymorphic workers, showing fold change (FC) in adult transcriptomes of large workers/soldiers versus minor workers in the Formicinae and Myrmicinae subfamilies (see alsoFigure S4A). Higher color-intensity dots represent genes with differential expression. Genes mediating chromatin regulation (blue) and transcription regulation (red) were often enriched (Table S6M). Two genes (ellipses) with consistent minor-worker-biased expression in both ant subfamilies are highlighted in adjacent panels: glial cells missing (gcm; bottom) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR-A; rightward); see main text for details. The gcm right-plot shows an in situ hybridization of Carebara diversa worker caste brains (scale bar, 100 μm).

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