Left, predicted results of stimulating DLS DA (top) and manipulating classic RPEs (i.e., delivery of water, bottom) at the outcome of error trials, switching in alternating days of experimentation. Right, average psychometric curves, and their difference, on days with DLS DA stimulation (top) and reward delivery (bottom) on error trials with non-associated (gray) and associated (black) stimuli.pvalues calculated using two-sided one-sample t test. SeeFigure S7E for corresponding chronometric curves.Figure S7F shows the same analysis applied selectively for mice in which both experiments were performed.*p< 0.05. See alsoFigures S7andS12.