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Visualization of excitation activation maps. The presented images showcase the results of our proposed PANE method on a range of samples from ImageNet(ILSVRC) and Dogs versus Cats datasets. The first row displays the original images, while the second and third rows show the PANE activation maps, respectively. The fourth row presents the visualization of the positive excitation plus the negative excitation, namely, the addition map. Notably, the first four columns correspond to samples from ImageNet(ILSVRC), while the last four columns depict samples from the Dogs versus Cats dataset. The activation maps generated for VGG16 are shown in columns 1, 2, 6, and 8, while the activation maps generated for AlexNet are displayed in columns 3, 4, 5, and 7.

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