Community variability between adjacent pairs of inter-hit intervals. The rain cloud plots contain boxplots, scatterplots, and density distributions of the variability between adjacent pairs of inter-hit intervals (i.e., nPVI) values within drumming bouts (n= 371;neastern drumming bouts = 162;nwestern drumming bouts = 209) produced by the 11 chimpanzee communities (four eastern communities and seven western communities). Plots shading from brown to yellow indicate western chimpanzee populations and communities (i.e., Fongoli Fongoli, Nimba Tongbongbon, Nimba Gahtoy, Tai East, Tai Middle, Tai North, and Tai South) while plots shading from light green to blue indicate eastern populations and communities (Gombe Kasekela, Kibale Kanyawara, Budongo Sonso, and Budongo Waibira). In the box plot, the horizontal line shows the median and whiskers indicate the range of values within 1.5 times the interquartile range. nPVI represents the most contributing variable in the community-level pDFA,13showing that eastern chimpanzees drum with more variable adjacent pairs of inter-hit intervals than western communities.
