AGA and post-AGA steps to obtain three glycan structures starting from protected monosaccharide building blocks (represented with SNFG icons surrounded by grey dots). Overall yields are reported in parentheses. Reaction conditions for AGA and post-AGA are reported in the Supplementary Information . The colours of the chemical structures relate to the colours of the icons for the various functionalization processes: blue for phosphate modification, orange for sulfate modification and brown for carboxylic modification.