Study area with the spatial distribution of lake drainage events in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost regions 14 . The observed study area is located in the Beilu River region of QTP with the background of satellite imagery from PlanetScope 2021 ( https://earth.esa.int/eogateway/missions/planetscope ). The red colour represents the drainage-affected thermokarst lakes, and the blue represents the non-drainage lakes. The red triangles show the drilled thermokarst lakes at the BLH-A and BLH-B sites.