Bubble Plot from Scientific Research

Both relative HWI and HWA increase with elevation when flapping and soaring birds are grouped into 1 km-wide elevational bands based on their maximum elevation. Central dots show median wing measurements for each elevational band, whiskers show first and third quartiles, and dot size represents the sample size within each elevational band (1-3,381 species). Statistics shown are from a linear regression (gray line) between median HWI (C) or HWA (D) and max elevation, and the shaded area shows a 95% CI. All analyses use relative wing measurements (HWI or HWA corrected for body size) calculated as the residuals from linear models between standardized wing measurements and body mass. HWA and body mass were log-transformed before standardization.

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