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Decision-analytical diagram for whether to prescribe cholesterol-lowering medication for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. {p}_{i1} denotes an individual i s risk of having CHD in the next 10 years, {p}_{i2} is an individuals risk of non-CHD death within the next 10 years, both as estimated from a well-calibrated prediction model accounting for the competing risks. Here, {U}_{1,i}text{ to }{U}_{6,i} denote a given individual i s utilities of each pathway

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