Histogram of the distances obtained for the 8.4 nm fluorophore separation overlaid with the scaled probability density function (red line). The corresponding box plot from e is shown above. Comparing the total spread of the obtained deviations and the vastly different means of individual nanorulers within a batch indicates that the total spread may be partitioned into low measurement uncertainty and high production variability of the nanorulers (Extended Data Fig. 2 and Extended Data Table 1 ).
