Oxygen need is represented by the circles, the sizes of which are proportional to the number of people in that region who need medical oxygen therapy. Minimum volume of oxygen required to meet need was calculated using data for recommended and usual flow rates and duration for various conditions and assumes no inefficiencies in oxygen use and no wastage or inefficiencies in upstream oxygen production, supply, and distribution. HICs=high-income countries. LMICs=low-income and middle-income countries. Nm3=normal cubic metres.