Competitive proliferation assay measuring the impact of FBXO31 variant expression in FBXO31 -KO HEK293T cells on cell fitness. The fraction of cells stably expressing GFP-linked cDNAs was measured over 12 days by flow cytometry. For d and e , data are the mean of three independent experiments ( n = 3), each shown as black dots. For f , data are the mean ± s.d. of three independent experiments ( n = 3). Gel source data are provided in Supplementary Fig. 1 .
