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Experimental design of ferret pathogenesis and transmission of A/American_Crow/PEI/FAV-0035-6/2023 (H5N5, Crow) and A/Raccoon/PEI/FAV-0193-1/2023 (H5N5, Raccoon) viruses. At 0 dpi, 9 ferrets were inoculated with 106median egg infectious doseunits of each A(H5N5) virus. Three inoculated ferrets (Donor) were individually co-housed with 3 naive contact ferrets (Direct contact) on 1 dpi. Six ferrets were euthanized at 4 dpi for viral titration in tissues and pathology (n= 3 each). All ferrets were monitored for clinical signs of infection until day 14. Nasal wash samples were collected from both infected and direct contact ferrets at the indicated time points for virus titration. Serum samples were collected from all surviving ferrets at 25 dpi for seroconversion assays.

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