TFAP2B rescues ALDH1A3 activity in colony assays. Representative images and quantification of colonies formed by A375 cell control, ALDH1A3 KO, ALDH1A3 OE, TFAP2B KO, and combined ALDH1A3 KO with TFAP2B OE conditions. Quantification on both A375 and C089 cells across each condition group, n= 3 per condition, mean +- SD one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons.