Quantification of control T cells or CAR-T cells per tumor chamber on day 1 after the tumor-on-chip was perfused at a concentration of 100,000 (CAR-)T cells/mL. An empty chip was used as a control;n= 7–8 chambers from 3 chips. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM.*p< 0.05; Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test.