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Proposed model. MTFP1 prevents defective IMM subdomains from fusing with other mitochondria, thereby facilitating their segregation and targeting for autophagic degradation. Cells exploit this IMM quality control mechanism to maintain adequate mtDNA levels. CQ treatment: 25 μM for 6 h. EB treatment: 50 ng/mL of EB for 5 days. All values: mean ± SD; n= 3 independent experiments, otherwise specified. (B) and (F): nested ordinary one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test; (E): ordinary one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test; (I): non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. *p< 0.05; ****p< 0.0001; nsp> 0.05. See alsoFigure S7.

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