A forest plot of associations between metabolites and lung cancer risk (P < 0.05) in the entire population. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) per one standard deviation increase in natural log-transformed level of each known metabolite with lung cancer risk were estimated from conditional logistic regression models, matched on age at blood draw, sex, race, and date of blood draw. Models were adjusted for body mass index group (underweight, healthy weight, overweight, obesity), hours since last meal (continuous), physical activity (continuous, hours/week), fruits and vegetables consumption (continuous, servings/week), smoking status (never, former, current, unknown), hormone use (not a current user, current user, not applicable, unknown). Each dot represents the odds ratio of the association, with the whiskers representing the 95% confidence interval. The dots are arranged in ascending order based on the P-values of the associations, starting from the smallest P to the largest. Blue dots represent the metabolites associated with lung cancer risk at FDR < 0.2. The dashed vertical line represents the odds ratio of one. SM (d18:0/22:0), behenoyl dihydrosphingomyelin (d18:0/22:0); SM (d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0), sphingomyelin (d18:0/20:0, d16:0/22:0); SM (d18:0/18:0, d19:0/17:0), sphingomyelin (d18:0/18:0, d19:0/17:0); SM (d18:1/16:0 (OH)), hydroxypalmitoyl sphingomyelin (d18:1/16:0(OH)). * Putative identifications that are not confirmed with a purified standard (not tier 1). ** Putative identifications for which a standard is not available (not tier 1). Metabolites that are structurally similar but have a side group that could not be placed definitively in the molecule were given the same chemical name followed by a number in parentheses to differentiate them from each other
