Experimental setup and protocol for imaging and sensory training. Mice were head-fixed but free to run on a treadmill. In each trial, a metallic pole was moved toward the left whiskers into one of two positions (anterior, Go; posterior, No-go). A spout was placed in front of the mice and used to deliver water when a lick was detected during a Go trial. Mice underwent water regulation before starting sensory training. Calcium transients in the right vS1 were recorded from the start of sensory training until the mouse achieved >70% correct responses for three consecutive days. Sensory learning was divided into three stages, based on correct performance (stage 1: pale blue, 55%; stage 2: blue, >55% to 75%; stage 3: dark blue, >75%).
