Recovery of target E. coli cells following co-culture with wild-type clinical isolates or derivatives with an exchanged betR (E) or reg2 (F) allele. SJC1043 BetR1048 indicates SJC1043 with the betR allele from SJC1048, and similarly for the other exchanges. Data from co-culture assays are presented as mean ± SEM with individual data points overlaid (n =4 biological replicates;∗∗∗∗p< 0.0001,∗∗p< 0.01,∗p< 0.05, ns not significant; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test; for clarity, only selected comparisons are displayed). Filled circles indicate isolates with betR and reg2 intact, and open circles indicate isolates with betR or reg2 disrupted. See also Figures S2 and S3.