Functional imaging of Ca 2+ (WHaloCaMP1a 552 channel) or control (EGFP channel) traces (ROI 1–4) in response to drifting gratings in the directions shown above the traces. Average of five trials. Colored lines indicate means, and shadows indicate s.d. Orientation selectivity index (OSI) of cells is shown on the right. Imaging rate was 15 Hz. A representative imaging session from three imaging sessions is shown. The experiment was repeated independently 19 times in four mice with similar results.