Mean visual stimulus-evoked activity with increasing VIP photoactivation. Top, all VIP interneurons, bottom, all non-VIP cells. Left, responses when ignoring the visual stimuli, right, responses when attending the visual stimuli. Wilcoxon signed-rank test between photoactivation and non-photoactivation conditions,***p < 0.001, n = 17 sessions, 7 mice. Gray lines indicate individual session averages and colored lines indicate overall average.