Model-mean, time-varying contributions for the percentages of global heat versus global carbon uptake occurring over the northern oceans, which are colour coded in time from year 1900 (blue) onwards to year 2100 (yellow). Diagnostics are based on 11 CMIP6 models for the historical period and 7 CMIP6 models for the future period to 2100. The Southern Ocean historically provides a larger contribution to global heat uptake compared with carbon uptake, whereas its contributions to global heat and carbon uptake become more comparable to future projections following SSP2-4.5.
