Plasticity is ISI dependent. Plotted are predicted (filled bars, median) and empirically measured (empty bars, mean ± s.e.m.) values of CS + versus CS − spiking bias in MBON-α3 at 5 min and 24 h after six training bouts, using an ISI of 60 s, 360 s or 900 s. Grey dots show data from 14 individual flies.