Forest plot showing the results of multivariable linear regression model for predicting basal OCR in the subset of participants who have total cellular NAD measurements (25 controls, 10 HTG and 19 NTG). Blue, red, green and purple circles represent estimates from the multivariable regression model, and the horizontal bars represent the corresponding 95% CIs. The model predicts that an increase in total NAD levels of 1 pg NAD per mg of protein is associated with an increase in basal OCR of 11.6 pmol min −1 per 100,000 cells in the entire cohort ( P < 0.001). The same trend, although not reaching statistical significance, was noted in each subgroup.