Novelty at 5 km gridded resolution (n = 317,809) mapped for cumulative temperature novelty whereby novelty values for all temperature variables are summed and then rescaled between 0 and 1 to assess collective impact. The plots on the right show the distribution of novelty scores for each temperature variable and continental group (Central and South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia and Australia). Dotted lines indicate mean values. Ring plots, inset with maps, show the percentage of undisturbed forest for each continental group experiencing minimal (0.0-0.2), low (0.21-0.4), moderate (0.41-0.6), high (0.61-0.8) and extreme (0.81 to 1.0) novelty scores with colours scaled to match novelty map colours: see Supplementary Table 5 for a detailed breakdown of percentages.