Relative levels of metabolites enriched in the bacterial supernatant of BA+FP . ANOVA test, followed by post-hoc analysis using Fisher’s LSD and p value adjustment using the Benjamin-Hochberg method, was applied to identify the metabolites with significantly different levels across the groups. pHs of GAM broth and bacterial supernatants were all neutralised to 7.2. BA+FP denotes the co-culture of B. acidifaciens and F. prausnitzii , while Bif+FP denotes the co-culture of Bifidobacterium and F. prausnitzii. Data are presented as mean SD
