A and C represent antibiotic group and control, respectively. M is short for month. Detailed parameters of network indices are shown in Table S 4 . Network parameters were regressed against time. R 2 and P values from regression analysis are shown. Detailed information on regression analysis is shown in Table S 5 . In a – k , red and blue dotted lines indicate the regression of the antibiotic group and control, respectively. h P/N means positive/negative. k Robustness determined as the proportion of taxa remained with 50% of nodes were randomly removed from each of the MENs. l Robustness was determined as the proportion of taxa remained with all module hubs removed from each of the MENs. m Heatmaps showing the relative magnitude of network indices between antibiotic group (A) and control (C). The values are represented by logFC (FC = A/C). The right half part of m shows the results of regression analysis (for the antibiotic group) with various indices against time. Connections between red nodes indicate that indices increase over time (positive), while connections between blue nodes represent that indices decrease with time (negative). For statistical analysis, normality testing was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The data for robustness analysis were in accordance with normal distribution. Thus, P values of robustness_random were calculated using t -test. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001
