C57BL/6 male mice were orally gavaged with S. anginosus (n = 5 for 3 months, n = 7 for 6 months, n = 5 for 9 months, n = 17 for 12 months), H. pylori SS1 (n = 10 for 3 months, n = 8 for 6 months, n = 8 for 9 months, n = 8 for 12 months), or BHI broth (n = 4 for 3 months, n = 6 for 6 months, n = 7 for 9 months, n = 17 for 12 months) for 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.