Global total DALY counts that were unattributed, due to COVID-19, or attributable to Level 1 risk factors, 2021. Mean estimates by Level 1 risk factor in panels A and B are represented by coloured lines; the shading indicates 95% uncertainty intervals. For panel C, refers to a burden that is attributed to two or all three Level 1 risk factors (ie, the intersecting set of DALYs that belong to both or all three risk factors). Mean estimates in panels A and B are aggregated to include all DALYs attributable exclusively to the specific Level 1 risk factor plus those attributable to the intersection of that risk and one or both of the other Level 1 risk factors (ie, for a single year, the DALY counts combined across the three lines sum to more than the total number of attributable DALYs for that year). DALYs due to COVID-19 were estimated as part of a separate GBD 2021 analysis by the GBD 2021 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. They have been separated in this figure from the DALYs unattributed to a risk factor because attribution of COVID-19 DALYs to risk exposure was not conducted as part of this analysis. In GBD 2021, 41.4% of total global DALYs—or 44.7% excluding COVID-19 DALYs—were attributable to risk factors (see alsoappendix 2 figure S4); whereas in GBD 2019,1447.8% of total global DALYs were attributable to risk factors. DALY=disability-adjusted life-year. Environmental risks=environmental and occupational risks. GBD=Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study.
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