Scheme of many-body transitions associated with the measured ionic resonances of 5 OS , together with STM images of assigned 5 OS at biases where the corresponding transitions become accessible. Scanning parameters: I = 0.3 pA ( V = -1.2 V and -1.5 V) and 0.2 pA ( V = 1.3 V and 1.6 V). Centre inset: Laplace-filtered AFM image of assigned 5 OS . STM setpoint: V = 0.2 V, I = 0.5 pA on bilayer NaCl, Δ z = -0.3 A. The tip-height offset, Δ z , is provided with respect to the STM setpoint, and positive (negative) values of Δ z denote tip approach (retraction) from the STM setpoint. The STM and AFM images shown in f are of the same molecule at the same adsorption site, which is next to a third-layer NaCl island. The bright and dark features in the third-layer NaCl island in the AFM image correspond to Cl - and Na + ions, respectively. The STS data shown in e were acquired on the molecule shown in f . Scale bars, 5 A (simulated local density of states map and AFM image) and 10 A (STM images).
